• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Geothermal hybrid air conditioning system comprising a geothermal exchanger (1) with one or more wells connected to a coil (2) or similar in an air circulation circuit of a cooler where a coolant circuit (4) is also provided. of a main cooling exchanger (3). The method, for air conditioning an installation during a time of demand (tds) in which the air conditioning with outside air (freecooling) is not enough, involves activating a cooling circuit with a geothermal exchanger (1) during a maximum setpoint time, but allowing to increase that time if the estimate of temperature increase until the end of the demand time (tds) is lower than the preset operating temperature (To) plus a predefined margin. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
    公开号:ES2671973A1
    申请号:ES201631345
    申请日:2016-10-18
    公开日:2018-06-11
    发明作者:Victor Aitor ALVAREZ GONZALEZ；Óscar ÁLVAREZ GALLARDO；Miguel Ángel BONILLA JAIME；Bartolomé QUIÑONERO MARTÍNEZ；David VEREA GIL
    申请人:Arial Proyectos E Instalaciones Energeticas SL；Arial Proyectos E Instalaciones Energeticas S L；Espanola De Montajes Industriales SA Soc；Soc Es De Montajes Industriales S A；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:


    DESCRIPTION

    Hybrid geothermal air conditioning system and method

    SECTOR OF THE TECHNIQUE 5

    The present invention relates to a low enthalpy geothermal hybridization system and method for compact air conditioning equipment by direct expansion.

    STATE OF THE TECHNIQUE 10

    The reliability of electronic equipment depends strongly on the temperatures at which they are maintained. In a computer or desktop computer it is not difficult to have simple cooling means to reduce its temperature. For example a fan. fifteen

    When electronic equipment is grouped, as in a server room, it is convenient to install refrigeration equipment. Another solution is the one known from WO2014039212 or US2011247348, where the electronic equipment is placed underground to take advantage of the temperature of the water or the groundwater. This system however either does not produce the necessary cooling, or quickly depletes the geothermal potential.

    Other systems offer the use of geothermal energy to improve the coefficient of operability (COP). In these systems, geothermal-cooled fluid is used within the thermodynamic cycle of the cooling fluid.

    In remote installations, such as a telephone antenna, a television repeater, etc. Outside an urban core, the power required for cooling is a relevant technical conditioner, which even forces to define high temperature conditions, resulting in a greater number of failures.

    The applicant does not know a solution similar to the invention.


    35

    The invention consists of a system and a method of geothermal hybrid air conditioning according to the claims.

    The object is to obtain a passive cooling system of very low consumption with low enthalpy geothermal (closed circuit) use, and temperatures of
    5 10 15 20 25 30 35
    setpoints maximum for industrial uses. All this, under a system of "system logic" that minimizes the material and simplifies the installation, by means of a comparative enthalpy geothermal system. As a basic idea of the system, the type of cooling change is based on time, instead of the well temperature, the geothermal fluid or the installation temperature. In this way the recovery of the temperature of the well and the fluids is optimized (reset) and it is not necessary to install sensors in the well, with the complication that implies maintenance.

    It is a system of support and efficient improvement of consumption in those cases where technical requirements and environmental conditions do not allow the active air conditioner (air conditioning) to be eliminated by a simple system based on freecooling.

    It involves considerable energy savings, and always greater than 85%, being able to reach values greater than 95% in a very high percentage of cases. It is possible to complement the installation with solar panels to even eliminate the need to make connections to the power grid, which is very favorable in remote installations.

    In the text of this report, the use of the singular when naming the elements (“a coil”, “an exchanger”, etc.) does not exclude the possibility that several similar elements are arranged in series or parallel. That is, the coil can correspond to several serpentines in series or parallel, etc.

    The system of the invention is a geothermal hybrid air conditioning system comprising:
     A geothermal exchanger with one or more wells connected to a coil or similar through which water or brine circulates. The circuit can be opened or closed with the known advantages of each type.
     A main cooling exchanger (condenser, Peltier cell, ...) of a refrigerant fluid connected to a refrigerant fluid circuit.
     A cooler of the installation to be heated, which has an air circulation circuit in which the coil or similar and the cooling fluid circuit are arranged to perform the cooling of the air.

    In standard operation, the cooler has a first mode of operation in which the cold fluid of the cooler is the cooling fluid, and a second mode of operation in which the cold fluid of the cooler corresponds to the fluid from the geothermal exchanger. It is possible to use both fluids at the same time, so it is convenient that the coil is arranged upstream of the refrigerant fluid circuit. 10

    The invention also relates to the geothermal hybrid air conditioning method of an installation during a demand time (tds), which is defined as one in which the air conditioning with free air (freecooling) is not sufficient to keep the installation temperature below of a preset operating temperature (To). 15 For this, the previous system is used through the steps of:
     a- Activate the cooler using the fluid from the geothermal exchanger as a cold fluid during an initial setpoint time (tci) to reach the precalculated operating temperature depending on the geothermal, weather and equipment variables. twenty
     b- Maintain the use of the geothermal exchanger if the estimated temperature increase (from a calculated temperature gradient) during the remaining time until the end of the demand time (tds) is lower than the operating temperature (To) plus a predefined margin.
     c- Otherwise, stop the circulation of the fluid coming from the geothermal exchanger and activate the circulation of the ambient air (freecoling) or of a cooling fluid coming from the main exchanger during a predefined (tr) reset time
     d- repeat steps a-c, with a permanent setpoint time (tcp) instead of the initial setpoint time (tci), until the demand time (tds) is reached. 30

    If the outside temperature is low enough, stage c can be performed by freecooling.

    Likewise, if the installation is sensitive or the operating temperature (To) is already defined at the limit, stage b can be carried out with a null predefined margin.

    DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

    For a better understanding of the invention, the following figures are included.
    Figure 1: Scheme of an embodiment of the invention. 5

    Figure 2: Examples of installation temperature graph and the activation of the first mode of operation or cooling over a day.

    EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION 10

    Next, an embodiment of the invention will be briefly described as an illustrative and non-limiting example thereof.

    The invention shown in the figures is composed of the following elements:
    - An open or closed circuit geothermal exchanger (1). The number of wells and depth will depend on the geological conditions and the design needs. Underground geothermal exchanger (1) will circulate groundwater or a brine or saline solution (brine) that will cool in the wells for return to the facility. twenty
    - A main exchanger (3), which cools a cooling fluid in a condenser or other similar system known in the art (Peltier cell, ...) different from the geothermal method (generally non-renewable).

    o Un primer modo en el que el fluido frío del enfriador (5) es el fluido refrigerante del intercambiador principal (3) que circula por un circuito de fluido refrigerante (4) dispuesto dentro del circuito de circulación de aire del enfriador (5).
    o Un segundo modo en el que el fluido frío del enfriador (5) corresponde al 30 fluido proveniente del intercambiador geotérmico (1). Este fluido frío circula por un serpentín (2) u otro dispositivo similar dentro del circuito de circulación de aire del enfriador (5). Este serpentín (2) estará dispuesto en paralelo al circuito de fluido refrigerante (4), de forma que se podrá activar uno u otro. 35 - A cooler (5), formed by a traditional air conditioning unit, to which two operating modes are applied: 25
    o A first mode in which the chiller cooler fluid (5) is the coolant fluid of the main exchanger (3) that circulates through a refrigerant fluid circuit (4) disposed within the chiller air circulation circuit (5).
    o A second mode in which the chiller cold fluid (5) corresponds to the fluid from the geothermal exchanger (1). This cold fluid circulates through a coil (2) or other similar device within the air circulation circuit of the cooler (5). This coil (2) will be arranged in parallel to the refrigerant fluid circuit (4), so that one or the other can be activated. 35

    - A controller that performs the start-up and stop of the air conditioning system, and the activation of the different fluid circuits. Preferably with learning capacity and optimization in real time, to establish the set times that optimize consumption.
     5
    These elements will be complemented, as is known and usual, with pumps, shut-off or bypass valves, purges, pressure gauges, etc. Likewise, the fluid from each exchanger may pass directly from the exchanger (1,3) to the cooler (5) or a second intermediate circuit can be installed between them. Likewise, if the fluid used in both exchangers (1,3) is the same, the coil (2) and the refrigerant fluid circuit 10 (4) can be the same element with bypass valves to select the origin of the refrigerant.

    Preferably, the coil (2) will be upstream of the refrigerant fluid circuit (4), to have the option of pre-cooling if urgent cooling is required in which both the coil (2) and the coil are activated. refrigerant fluid circuit (4).

    The defined system optimizes the performance of existing air conditioning machines. In the first instance by applying operating logics that minimize the start of the air conditioning compressor. Even if the weather or geothermal conditions are good, you can only start in case of emergency such as breakdowns, heat waves, etc. In the same way, the geothermal exchanger (1) acts as an emergency system in case the industrial active air conditioners fail because unlike a direct air conditioning of the outside air (freecooling), which depends on the outside temperatures, The geothermal exchanger (1) draws on constant subsoil temperature values throughout the year.

    The system design parameters, in terms of operating times of the 30 exchangers (1,3) are the following:
    - Geothermal variables: temperature gradient, water table, ...
    - Climatic variables.
    - Expected operating temperature (To).
    - Equipment: coils, pumping power, main exchanger power 35 (3), installed electrical power, etc.
    - Installation equipment and heat emitted by it.
    - Depth and number of wells, which can also be defined from the other data.

    From this data, the chiller operating times are defined in every 5 mode:
     Initial setpoint time (tci), which corresponds to the time to reach the operating temperature (To) using only the geothermal exchanger (1) for the first time in the day.
     Permanent setpoint time (tcp), which corresponds to the time required 10 to reach the operating temperature (To) again on successive occasions or instances (after exceeding the tci), also with the geothermal exchanger (1).
     Reset time (tr), which corresponds to the time during which the first mode of operation of the cooler is entered.
     fifteen
    These values allow to define the number of cycles that will be applied during the demand time (tds), or time in which the freecooling is necessary but not available. For example, in summer and in Spain the demand time (tds) will be approximately 12h.
     twenty
    Under ideal conditions, once the operating temperature (To) has been reached, it is not necessary to activate the first mode of the cooler (5). However, this may involve a large number of wells and a great depth so as not to exhaust the geothermal potential. Therefore, the operating temperature (To) and the number of cycles (going through both modes in the cooler) will be defined to produce a high energy saving but with a less expensive installation. If desired, the energy rate can be included as a factor, making more resets during the valley hours.

    The following table shows, by way of example, the basic consumption in a demand time (tds) of 12h without geothermal energy (zero cycles) or by applying geothermal energy with a certain number of cycles.

     Cycles  Energy saving
     0 (without geothermal)  0%
     one  92%
     2  90%



    It can be seen that the difference in savings of a system designed at 1 cycle (demanding in terms of investment) of another one of 2 cycles (less demanding) is quite small, the reduction in savings being approximately linear.
     5
    During the reset the temperature of the wells is recovered, following a response similar to Newton's cooling law. This same recovery occurs at any time when freecooling can be applied, for example at night. Specifically, the night reset allows the daily starting temperature of the well to be very stable. 10

    During the day, as the outside temperature increases, it may be necessary to activate the air conditioning system, starting the daily cycle with the second mode of the cooler (5) until the operating temperature (To) is reached. If the initial setpoint time (tci) is exceeded, the cooler goes to the first mode of operation, for a period of 15 reset (tr), such as ten minutes. From that moment on, if necessary, the activation of the second mode of operation is carried out in periods equal to the permanent setpoint time (tcp) already defined.

    Schematically, the daily cycle will be as follows: 20
    1. A few hours after dawn, freecooling is no longer operational and the wells have been completely reset.
    2. Start the second cooling or geocooling mode until the initial setpoint time (tci) is reached.
    3. Once the initial setpoint time (tci) is reached, the management system 25 (controller) performs an immediate calculation to analyze the remaining time until the demand time (tds) is reached. It will estimate if in the remaining time, and for the temperature gradient in the installation, the operating temperature (To) will be exceeded. If it is not to be exceeded, the cycle is avoided by increasing the operating time of the second cooling mode to the demand time (tds). This avoids the use of the first cooling mode, as it would imply high power consumption. If the estimated temperature will exceed the operating temperature (To) by a predefined percentage or range (for example 5% at ºC), the second cooling mode can also be maintained.
    4. If the estimated temperature is higher than the operating temperature (To), even with the optional range, two events are generated:
    4.1. Well pumps stop, the secondary circuit is interrupted and the reset is initiated. The ideal (tr) reset time can be calculated or estimated experimentally. 5
    4.2. The first cooling mode of the cooler (5) is activated. If the outside temperature is low enough to allow, during the reduced reset time, to maintain the temperature of the installation below the operating temperature (To) (with or without the margin), freecoling is preferably used. It should be noted that the fact that the outside temperature does not allow freecooling 10 implies that the gradient will be greater than zero, but does not prevent a positive but small value from being acceptable during the reset time (tr). If freecooling is not enough, the main exchanger (3) and the refrigerant fluid circuit (4) will be activated.
    5. After the reset time (tr) the second cooling mode is started again.
    6. Once the permanent setpoint time (tcp) has been reached, the system returns to point (3), performing the comparison again and repeating points (3), (4) and (5) until the time tds is reached.
     twenty
    In the example of figure 2, three cycles have been represented, so that in the latter the second cooling mode has remained active a little longer than the permanent setpoint time, allowing the installation temperature to slightly exceed the temperature of operation (To) before activating freecooling.
    25
    权利要求:
    Claims (1)
    [1]

    1- Geothermal hybrid air conditioning system characterized by comprising:
     a geothermal exchanger (1) with one or more wells connected to a coil (2) or the like through which water or brine circulates; 5
     a main exchanger (3) for cooling a refrigerant fluid connected to a refrigerant fluid circuit (4);
     a cooler (5) of the installation, which has an air circulation circuit in which the coil (2) and the refrigerant fluid circuit (4) are arranged to cool the air. 10
    2- System according to claim 1, wherein the chiller (5) has a first mode of operation in which the chiller fluid (5) is the refrigerant fluid, and a second mode of operation in which the chiller fluid cooler (5) corresponds to the fluid from the geothermal exchanger (1). fifteen
    3- System according to claim 1, wherein the coil (2) is disposed within the air circulation circuit upstream of the part of the refrigerant fluid circuit (4) contained in the cooler (5).
     twenty
    4- Geothermal hybrid air conditioning method of an installation during a demand time (tds) in which the air conditioning with free air (freecooling) is not sufficient to maintain the installation temperature below a predetermined operating temperature (To), using the system of claim 1, characterized in that it comprises the steps of:
     a- activate a cooler (5) using as a cold fluid the fluid from a cooling circuit with a geothermal exchanger (1) during an initial setpoint time (tci) to reach the operating temperature, precalculated based on geothermal variables , weather and equipment; 30
     b- if the temperature reached plus the estimated temperature increase during the remaining time until the demand time (tds), from the temperature gradient, is lower than the operating temperature (To) plus a predefined range, keep the use of the geothermal exchanger (1);
     c- otherwise, stop the circulation of the fluid from the geothermal exchanger (1) and activate the circulation of the ambient air (freecooling) or of a cooling fluid from a main exchanger (3) during a reset time (tr) predefined;
    d- repeat the ac stages, with a permanent setpoint time (tcp) to reach the precalculated operating temperature again depending on the geothermal, climatological and equipment variables instead of the initial setpoint time 5 (tci) of the stage a, until the demand time (tds) is reached.
    5- Method according to claim 4, whose step c is performed by freecooling.
    6- Method according to claim 4, in which step b the predefined margin is null. 10
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    WO2018073466A1|2018-04-26|
    ES2671973B1|2019-04-02|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    US20060010893A1|2004-07-13|2006-01-19|Daniel Dominguez|Chiller system with low capacity controller and method of operating same|
    US20100078160A1|2008-09-30|2010-04-01|Vette Corp.|Free-cooling including modular coolant distribution unit|
    KR20120041374A|2010-10-21|2012-05-02|김형남|Geothermal heating and cooling system usingf low geothermal heat|
    US20150292759A1|2011-12-01|2015-10-15|Yigong Ding|Closed Circulating Water Cooling Apparatus and Method|
    法律状态:
    2018-06-11| BA2A| Patent application published|Ref document number: 2671973 Country of ref document: ES Kind code of ref document: A1 Effective date: 20180611 |
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    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ES201631345A|ES2671973B1|2016-10-18|2016-10-18|System and method of geothermal hybrid air conditioning|ES201631345A| ES2671973B1|2016-10-18|2016-10-18|System and method of geothermal hybrid air conditioning|
    PCT/ES2017/070637| WO2018073466A1|2016-10-18|2017-09-27|System and method for geothermal hybrid climate control|
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